Shot put

The shot put isn't just about throwing a heavy ball; it's a dynamic blend of raw power and precise technique, where athletes launch a weighted sphere as far as humanly possible. This ancient test of strength has evolved into a highly technical Olympic sport, captivating audiences with its explosive movements and incredible feats of human might. Join us as we explore its fascinating journey from ancient battlefields to modern-day arenas, uncovering the secrets behind its gravity-defying throws. The shot put boasts a rich history, evolving from ancient rock-throwing contests and medieval cannonball hurling into a refined Olympic sport with strict rules. Athletes primarily employ two distinct techniques—the linear 'glide' and the rotational 'spin'—each leveraging different biomechanical principles to achieve maximum distance. Modern shot put demands not only immense strength but also intricate control over body mechanics and adherence to precise regulations, including specialized equipment and a defined throwing area.

Source: Wikipedia

AI Summary

The shot put isn't just about throwing a heavy ball; it's a dynamic blend of raw power and precise technique, where athletes launch a weighted sphere as far as humanly possible. This ancient test of strength has evolved into a highly technical Olympic sport, captivating audiences with its explosive movements and incredible feats of human might. Join us as we explore its fascinating journey from ancient battlefields to modern-day arenas, uncovering the secrets behind its gravity-defying throws.

The Ancient Art of Force

At its heart, the shot put is an event of explosive power. Athletes don't 'throw' the heavy spherical 'shot' in the conventional sense, but rather 'put' it—a unique pushing motion from the shoulder. This demanding track and field discipline has been a staple of the modern Olympic Games for men since their revival in 1896, with women's competition joining the ranks in 1948.

A Storied Past

The roots of the shot put stretch back to antiquity. Ancient Greek poets, like Homer, mention soldiers hurling rocks during the Trojan War. Later, in the Scottish Highlands, stone-throwing contests emerged, solidifying a long tradition. Even King Henry VIII of England was reportedly quite adept at court competitions involving weights and hammers in the 16th century.

The most direct precursors to the modern shot put likely appeared in the Middle Ages, when soldiers would challenge each other to see who could hurl a cannonball the furthest. Formal shot put competitions were first recorded in 19th-century Scotland and quickly gained traction, becoming a recognized part of the British Amateur Championships by 1866.

The Arena of Power

Competitors execute their throws from within a marked circle, precisely 2.135 meters (7 feet) in diameter, to ensure fairness and standardization. At the front of this circle is a 10-centimeter (4-inch) high 'toe board' or 'stop board', which athletes can push against, but not step over, during their explosive movement. The distance is measured from the inner circumference of the circle to the nearest mark the shot makes on the ground.

The Rules of the Game: A Legal Put

To ensure a fair and safe competition, shot putters must adhere to a strict set of rules. From the moment their name is called, they have one minute to enter the circle and begin their throwing motion. Any deviation from these rules can result in a foul, invalidating an otherwise impressive put.

Holding the Shot

The technique demands a unique hold and release. The shot must remain tucked against the neck, never dropping below shoulder height or losing contact. This ensures the pushing, rather than throwing, motion is maintained, and is critical for both power and legality.

The athlete must rest the shot close to the neck and keep it tight throughout the entire motion. The shot must be released above the height of the shoulder, using only one hand.

Staying Within Bounds

The throwing circle is a sacred space. Athletes can move freely within it, even touching the inside of the perimeter or the toe board. However, stepping on or beyond the outer edge of the circle or the top of the toe board results in a foul. The shot itself must land cleanly within the designated sector, which has been narrowed over the years to enhance safety.

The athlete may touch the inside surface of the circle or toe board, but must not touch the top or outside of the circle or toe board, or the ground beyond the circle. Limbs may, however, extend over the lines of the circle in the air. The shot must land in the throwing sector, a 34.92° circular sector centered on the throwing circle.

Exiting Gracefully

Even after the shot has landed, the athlete's work isn't quite done. They must exit the throwing circle from the back half, demonstrating control and completing the sequence. Leaving the circle before the shot lands or exiting from the front half will also lead to a foul.

When a Put Goes Foul

Several actions will result in a foul throw, invalidating the attempt. These include failing to pause before initiating the put, exceeding the time limit, or allowing the shot to drop below the shoulder during the motion. Crucially, if the shot loses contact with the neck at any point during the put, it's considered illegal.

The Tools of the Trade

The shot itself is a carefully crafted implement. For open competitions, the men's shot weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 pounds), while the women's shot is 4 kilograms (8.82 pounds). These weights vary for junior, school, and masters competitions. Shots are made from various materials like iron, steel, brass, or even synthetic compounds, with the choice often depending on density and intended use, such as lighter, larger shots for indoor practice to reduce damage.

Mastering the Motion

To maximize distance, shot putters aim to release the shot with maximum forward velocity, ideally at an angle slightly less than 45 degrees. Two primary techniques dominate the sport: the 'glide' and the 'spin'. Each offers a distinct approach to generating the power needed to send the heavy shot flying.

The "Glide" Technique

Developed in 1951 by American Parry O'Brien, the 'glide' is a linear technique. The athlete starts facing the rear of the circle, typically in a deep crouch, preloading their muscles. They then kick powerfully with one leg while pushing off with the other, smoothly 'gliding' across the circle with minimal airtime, building momentum towards the front.

As the thrower traverses the circle, their hips and shoulders twist toward the front, culminating in an explosive pushing motion with the throwing arm. The key is a fast, controlled, and continuous transfer of energy from the legs and body into the shot, all while keeping the movement as horizontal as possible before the upward thrust.

The "Spin" Technique

Also known as the rotational technique, the 'spin' draws inspiration from discus throwing. While practiced in Europe in the 1950s, it truly rose to prominence in the 1970s, notably popularized by Soviet athlete Aleksandr Baryshnikov. He, along with his coach Viktor Alexeyev, refined the spin to become the first shot putter to break the 22-meter barrier in 1976.

In the spin, a right-handed thrower begins facing the rear, then initiates a rapid rotation on the ball of their left foot, much like a figure skater. This generates angular momentum, which is then transferred to the shot. The thrower drives their right foot into the center of the circle, then reaches with the left foot, simultaneously twisting their hips and shoulders before the final powerful 'put'.

The Physics of the Spin

The spin's effectiveness lies in its ability to generate significant torque and rotational speed. By twisting the upper body against the lower body, athletes build up elastic potential energy in their muscles, which is then released explosively. The quick rotation, much like a figure skater pulling in their arms, increases angular velocity, and this accumulated energy is finally transferred to the shot upon release.

Spin in Practice and Records

While the glide remains popular for its consistency and is often the starting point for many throwers, the spin dominates at the elite male level. Athletes like Ryan Crouser, the current world record holder, have pushed the boundaries of the spin, even adding unique variations like his 'Crouser Slide'. Historically, Anita Márton made history in 2016 as the first woman to medal at the Olympics using the spin technique.

The world record and many of the top all-time male performances have been achieved using the spin. However, legendary throws by glide specialists like Ulf Timmermann demonstrate that the classic technique can still yield incredible results. The choice between glide and spin often comes down to an athlete's individual physique and power profile.

The Records That Inspire

The world of shot put is defined by incredible feats of strength and precision, constantly pushing the boundaries of human performance. Here are the current world record holders, embodying the pinnacle of both the glide and spin techniques:

Type	Athlete	Mark	Date	Place
Men				
Outdoor	Ryan Crouser	23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in)	27 May 2023	Los Angeles, USA
Indoor	Ryan Crouser	22.82 m (74 ft 10+1⁄4 in)	24 January 2021	Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
Women				
Outdoor	Natalya Lisovskaya	22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in)	7 June 1987	Moscow, USSR
Indoor	Helena Fibingerová	22.50 m (73 ft 9+3⁄4 in)	19 February 1977	Jablonec, CZE

Beyond the Numbers: Epic Series

Beyond individual records, some athletes achieve extraordinary consistency. Ryan Crouser, for instance, has repeatedly broken the 23-meter barrier multiple times within a single competition, demonstrating a level of sustained power and control rarely seen in the sport. In Los Angeles in 2023, he shattered his own world record with a series that included three throws over 23 meters.

The Shadow of Doping

Like many elite sports, shot put has unfortunately seen instances where athletes' performances were annulled due to doping offenses. These cases serve as a stark reminder of the importance of fair play and the integrity of competition in track and field.

Article

Shot put

The shot put is a track and field event involving "putting" (not throwing) a heavy spherical ball—the shot—as far as possible. For men, the sport has been a part of the modern Olympics since their revival in (/wiki/1896SummerOlympics), and women's competition began in (/wiki/1948SummerOlympics). The shot put is part of the most common combined events, the decathlon, the women's and men's heptathlon and the women's pentathlon.

History

Shot put

Czechoslovak shot putter Plíhal at the 1957 East German Indoor Athletics Championships

Shot putter at the University of Nebraska (1942), showing the circle and stop board

The ancient Greek poet Homer mentions competitions of rock throwing by soldiers during the siege of Troy but there is no record of any weights being thrown in Greek competitions. The first evidence for stone- or weight-throwing events were in the Scottish Highlands, and date back to approximately the first century. In the 16th century King Henry VIII was noted for his prowess in court competitions of weight and hammer throwing.

The first events resembling the modern shot put likely occurred in the Middle Ages when soldiers held competitions in which they hurled cannonballs. Shot put competitions were first recorded in early 19th century Scotland, and were a part of the British Amateur Championships beginning in 1866.

Competitors take their throw from inside a marked circle 2.135 metres (7 ft) in diameter, with a "toe board" or "stop board" 10 centimetres (4 in) high at the front of the circle. The distance thrown is measured from the inside of the circumference of the circle to the nearest mark made on the ground by the falling shot, with distances rounded down to the nearest centimetre under IAAF and WMA rules.

Legal throws

Czechoslovak shot putter Jiří Skobla showing the correct technique for keeping the shot near the neck

The following rules (indoor and outdoor) must be adhered to for a legal throw:

• Upon calling the athlete's name, the athlete may choose any part of the throwing circle to enter inside. They have one minute to commence the throwing motion; otherwise it counts as a forfeit for the current round. • The athlete may not wear gloves; IAAF rules permit the taping of individual fingers. • The athlete must rest the shot close to the neck, and keep it tight to the neck throughout the motion. • The shot must be released above the height of the shoulder, using only one hand. • The athlete may touch the inside surface of the circle or toe board, but must not touch the top or outside of the circle or toe board, or the ground beyond the circle. Limbs may, however, extend over the lines of the circle in the air. • The shot must land in the throwing sector, which is a circular sector of 34.92° centered on the throwing circle. The throwing sector has been narrowed multiple times over the years to improve safety, most recently in 2004 from 40°. The current throwing sector angle (34.92°) was chosen because it provides a sector whose bounds are easy to measure and lay out on a field (10 metres out from the center of the ring, 6 metres across). • The athlete must leave the throwing circle from the back half.

Foul throws occur when an athlete:

• Does not pause within the circle before beginning the putting motion. • Does not complete the putting movement initiated within thirty seconds of having their name called. • Allows the shot to drop below their shoulder or outside the vertical plane of their shoulder during the put.

At any time if the shot loses contact with the neck then it is technically an illegal put.

• During the putting motion, touches with any part of the body (including shoes): • the top or ends of the toe board • the top of the iron ring • anywhere outside the circle. • Puts a shot which either falls outside the throwing sector or touches a sector line on the initial impact. • Leaves the circle before the shot has landed. • Does not leave from the rear half of the circle.

Regulation misconceptions

The following are either obsolete or non-existent, but commonly believed rules for professional competition:

• The athlete must enter the circle from the back (no rule books contain such a clause). • The athlete entering the circle, then exiting and re-entering it before starting the throw results in a foul (all rule books allow athletes to leave a circle before starting a throw, but this still counts within the 30 second time limit; the allowable method of exiting the circle varies by rule book). • Loose clothing, shoelaces, or long hair touching outside the circle during a throw, or an athlete bringing a towel into the circle and then throwing it out before the put, results in a foul.

Competition

Shot put

Shot put area

Shot put competitions have been held at the modern Summer Olympic Games since their inception in 1896, and it is also included as an event in the World Athletics Championships.

Each of these competitions in the modern era have a set number of rounds of throws. Typically there are three qualification rounds to determine qualification for the final. There are then three preliminary rounds in the final with the top eight competitors receiving a further three throws. Each competitor in the final is credited with their longest throw, regardless of whether it was achieved in the preliminary or final three rounds. The competitor with the longest legal put is declared the winner.

Weight

In open competitions the men's shot weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb), and the women's shot weighs 4 kilograms (8.82 lb). Junior, school, and masters competitions often use different weights of shots, typically below the weights of those used in open competitions; the individual rules for each competition should be consulted in order to determine the correct weights to be used.

Putting styles

Shot put

Two putting styles are in current general use by shot put competitors: the glide and the spin. With all putting styles, the goal is to release the shot with maximum forward velocity at an angle of slightly less than forty-five degrees.

Glide

The origin of this technique dates to 1951, when Parry O'Brien from the United States invented a technique that involved the putter facing backwards, rotating 180 degrees across the circle, and then tossing the shot. Unlike spin, this technique is a linear movement.

With this technique, a right-hand thrower would begin facing the rear of the circle. They would typically adopt a specific type of crouch, involving their bent right leg, in order to begin the throw from a more beneficial posture whilst also isometrically preloading their muscles. The positioning of their bodyweight over their bent leg, which pushes upwards with equal force, generates a preparatory isometric press. The force generated by this press will be channelled into the subsequent throw making it more powerful. To initiate the throw they kick to the front with the left leg, while pushing off forcefully with the right. As the thrower crosses the circle, the hips twist toward the front, the left arm is swung out then pulled back tight, followed by the shoulders, and they then strike in a putting motion with their right arm. The key is to move quickly across the circle with as little air under the feet as possible, hence the name 'glide'.

Spin

This is also known as the rotational technique. It was first practiced in Europe in the 1950s but did not receive much attention until the 1970s. In 1972, Aleksandr Baryshnikov set his first USSR record using a new putting style, the spin ("круговой мах" in Russian), invented by his coach Viktor Alexeyev. The spin involves rotating like a discus thrower and using rotational momentum for power. In 1976 Baryshnikov went on to set a world record of 22.00 m (72.18 ft) with his spin style, and was the first shot putter to cross the 22-meter mark.

With this technique, a right-hand thrower faces the rear, and begins to spin on the ball of the left foot. The thrower comes around and faces the front of the circle and drives the right foot into the center of the circle. Finally, the thrower reaches for the front of the circle with the left foot, twisting the hips and shoulders like in the glide, and puts the shot.

When the athlete executes the spin, the upper body is twisted hard to the right, so the imaginary lines created by the shoulders and hips are no longer parallel. This action builds up torque, and stretches the muscles, creating an involuntary elasticity in the muscles, providing extra power and momentum. When the athlete prepares to release, the left foot is firmly planted, causing the momentum and energy generated to be conserved, pushing the shot in an upward and outward direction.

Another purpose of the spin is to build up a high rotational speed, by swinging the right leg initially, then to bring all the limbs in tightly, similar to a figure skater bringing in their arms while spinning to increase their speed. Once this fast speed is achieved the shot is released, transferring the energy into the shot put.

Until 2016, a woman had never made an Olympic final (top 8) using the spin technique. The first woman to enter a final and win a medal at the Olympics was Anita Márton.

Ryan Crouser, the current men's world record holder, added an additional move, the "Crouser Slide", to his spin technique. He used this technique to set the world record at the Los Angeles Grand Prix in 2023.

Cartwheel

A vertical spinning technique where the athlete does a cartwheel on one hand before releasing the shot. It is currently banned in major competitions.

Usage

Currently, most top male shot putters use the spin. However the glide remains popular since the technique leads to greater consistency compared to the rotational technique. Almost all throwers start by using the glide. Tomasz Majewski notes that although most athletes use the spin, he and some other top shot putters achieved success using this classic method (for example he became the first to defend the Olympic title in 56 years).

The world record and the next six best male results (23.37, 23.30, 23.15, and 23.12 by Ryan Crouser, 23.23 by Joe Kovacs, and 23.12 and 23.10 by Randy Barnes) were completed with the spin technique, while the eighth-best all-time put of 23.06 m (75 ft 7+3⁄4 in) by Ulf Timmermann was completed with the glide technique.

The decision to glide or spin may need to be decided on an individual basis, determined by the thrower's size and power. Short throwers may benefit from the spin and taller throwers may benefit from the glide, but many throwers do not follow this guideline.

Types of shot

Shot put

The shot is made of different kinds of materials depending on its intended use. Materials used include sand, iron, cast iron, solid steel, stainless steel, brass, and synthetic materials like polyvinyl. Some metals are more dense than others, making the size of the shot vary. For example, different materials are used to make indoor and outdoor shot – because damage to surroundings must be taken into account – so the latter are smaller. There are various size and weight standards for the implement that depend on the age and gender of the competitors as well as the national customs of the governing body.

World records

Shot put

The current world record holders are:

<table><thead><tr><th>Type</th><th>Athlete</th><th>Mark</th><th>Date</th><th>Place</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Men</td></tr><tr><td>Outdoor</td><td>Ryan Crouser</td><td>23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td>27 May 2023</td><td>Los Angeles, USA</td></tr><tr><td>Indoor</td><td>Ryan Crouser</td><td>22.82 m (74 ft 10+1⁄4 in)</td><td>24 January 2021</td><td>Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA</td></tr><tr><td>Women</td></tr><tr><td>Outdoor</td><td>Natalya Lisovskaya</td><td>22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in)</td><td>7 June 1987</td><td>Moscow, USSR</td></tr><tr><td>Indoor</td><td>Helena Fibingerová</td><td>22.50 m (73 ft 9+3⁄4 in)</td><td>19 February 1977</td><td>Jablonec, CZE</td></tr></tbody></table>

Continental records

Shot put

<table><thead><tr><th>Area</th><th>Men's</th><th>Women's</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mark</td><td>Athlete</td><td>Nation</td><td>Mark</td><td>Athlete</td><td>Nation</td></tr><tr><td>Africa</td><td>21.97 m (72 ft 3⁄4 in)</td><td>Janus Robberts</td><td> South Africa</td><td>18.43 m (60 ft 5+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Vivian Chukwuemeka</td><td> Nigeria</td></tr><tr><td>Asia</td><td>21.77 m (71 ft 5 in)</td><td>Tajinderpal Singh Toor</td><td> India</td><td>21.76 m (71 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Meisu Li</td><td> China</td></tr><tr><td>Europe</td><td>23.06 m (75 ft 7+3⁄4 in)</td><td>Ulf Timmermann</td><td> East Germany</td><td>22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in) WR</td><td>Natalya Lisovskaya</td><td> Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><td>North and Central America, and Caribbean</td><td>23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in) WR</td><td>Ryan Crouser</td><td> United States</td><td>20.96 m (68 ft 9 in) A</td><td>Belsy Laza</td><td> Cuba</td></tr><tr><td>Oceania</td><td>22.90 m (75 ft 1+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Tomas Walsh</td><td> New Zealand</td><td>21.24 m (69 ft 8 in)</td><td>Valerie Adams</td><td> New Zealand</td></tr><tr><td>South America</td><td>22.61 m (74 ft 2 in)</td><td>Darlan Romani</td><td> Brazil</td><td>19.30 m (63 ft 3+3⁄4 in) A</td><td>Elisângela Adriano</td><td> Brazil</td></tr></tbody></table>

All-time top 25

Shot put

Outdoor tables show data for two definitions of "Top 25" - the top 25 shot put marks and the top 25 athletes:

• yellow background denotes top performance for athletes in the top 25 shot put marks • normal coloured background denotes lesser performances, still in the top 25 shot put marks, by repeat athletes • green background denotes top performance (only) for other top 25 athletes who fall outside the top 25 shot put marks

Men (outdoor)

<table><thead><tr><th>Ath.#</th><th>Perf.#</th><th>Mark</th><th>Technique</th><th>Athlete</th><th>Nation</th><th>Date</th><th>Place</th><th>Ref.</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Ryan Crouser</td><td> United States</td><td>27 May 2023</td><td>Los Angeles</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2</td><td>23.51 m (77 ft 1+1⁄2 in)</td><td></td><td>Crouser #2</td><td></td><td>19 August 2023</td><td>Budapest</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>23.37 m (76 ft 8 in)</td><td>Crouser #3</td><td>18 June 2021</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>23.30 m (76 ft 5+1⁄4 in)</td><td>Crouser #4</td><td>5 August 2021</td><td>Tokyo</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>5</td><td>23.23 m (76 ft 2+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Joe Kovacs</td><td> United States</td><td>7 September 2022</td><td>Zürich</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>6</td><td>23.15 m (75 ft 11+1⁄4 in)</td><td></td><td>Crouser #5</td><td></td><td>21 August 2021</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>23.13 m (75 ft 10+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Kovacs #2</td><td>25 May 2024</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>8</td><td>23.12 m (75 ft 10 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Randy Barnes</td><td> United States</td><td>20 May 1990</td><td>Westwood</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>8</td><td>23.12 m (75 ft 10 in)</td><td></td><td>Crouser #6</td><td></td><td>24 June 2022</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>23.10 m (75 ft 9+1⁄4 in)</td><td>Barnes #2</td><td>26 May 1990</td><td>San Jose</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>23.07 m (75 ft 8+1⁄4 in)</td><td>Crouser #7</td><td>23 July 2023</td><td>London</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>12</td><td>23.06 m (75 ft 7+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Ulf Timmermann</td><td> East Germany</td><td>22 May 1988</td><td>Chania</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>13</td><td>23.02 m (75 ft 6+1⁄4 in)</td><td></td><td>Crouser #8</td><td></td><td>28 May 2022</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>23.01 m (75 ft 5+3⁄4 in)</td><td>Crouser #9</td><td>22 May 2021</td><td>Tucson</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>15</td><td>22.98 m (75 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Leonardo Fabbri</td><td> Italy</td><td>14 September 2024</td><td>Brussels</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>16</td><td>22.95 m (75 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td></td><td>Fabbri #2</td><td></td><td>15 May 2024</td><td>Savona</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>22.94 m (75 ft 3 in)</td><td>Crouser #10</td><td>17 July 2022</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>22.93 m (75 ft 2+3⁄4 in)</td><td>Kovacs #3</td><td>17 September 2023</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Crouser #11</td><td>7 September 2024</td><td>Zagreb</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kovacs #4</td><td>18 May 2024</td><td>Los Angeles</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>22.92 m (75 ft 2+1⁄4 in)</td><td>Crouser #12</td><td>18 June 2021</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>22</td><td>22.91 m (75 ft 1+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Alessandro Andrei</td><td> Italy</td><td>12 August 1987</td><td>Viareggio</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>22</td><td>22.91 m (75 ft 1+3⁄4 in)</td><td></td><td>Kovacs #5</td><td></td><td>5 October 2019</td><td>Doha</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Crouser #13</td><td>18 July 2020</td><td>Marietta</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Crouser #14</td><td>17 September 2023</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fabbri #3</td><td>23 May 2024</td><td>Asti</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td></td><td>22.90 m (75 ft 1+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Tom Walsh</td><td> New Zealand</td><td>5 October 2019</td><td>Doha</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>22.86 m (75 ft 0 in) A</td><td>spin</td><td>Brian Oldfield</td><td> United States</td><td>10 May 1975</td><td>El Paso</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>22.75 m (74 ft 7+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Werner Günthör</td><td> Switzerland</td><td>23 August 1988</td><td>Bern</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>22.67 m (74 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Kevin Toth</td><td> United States</td><td>19 April 2003</td><td>Lawrence</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>22.64 m (74 ft 3+1⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Udo Beyer</td><td> East Germany</td><td>20 August 1986</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>22.61 m (74 ft 2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Darlan Romani</td><td> Brazil</td><td>30 June 2019</td><td>Stanford</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>22.59 m (74 ft 1+1⁄4 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Payton Otterdahl</td><td> United States</td><td>24 April 2024</td><td>Des Moines</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>22.54 m (73 ft 11+1⁄4 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Christian Cantwell</td><td> United States</td><td>5 June 2004</td><td>Gresham</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>22.52 m (73 ft 10+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>John Brenner</td><td> United States</td><td>26 April 1987</td><td>Walnut</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>22.51 m (73 ft 10 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Adam Nelson</td><td> United States</td><td>18 May 2002</td><td>Portland</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>22.47 m (73 ft 8+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Josh Awotunde</td><td> United States</td><td>3 August 2025</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>22.44 m (73 ft 7+1⁄4 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Darrell Hill</td><td> United States</td><td>31 August 2017</td><td>Brussels</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>spin</td><td>Zane Weir</td><td> Italy</td><td>3 September 2023</td><td>Padua</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>22.43 m (73 ft 7 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Reese Hoffa</td><td> United States</td><td>3 August 2007</td><td>London</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>22.32 m (73 ft 2+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Michał Haratyk</td><td> Poland</td><td>28 July 2019</td><td>Warsaw</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>22.31 m (73 ft 2+1⁄4 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Rajindra Campbell</td><td> Jamaica</td><td>7 September 2024</td><td>Zagreb</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>22.29 m (73 ft 1+1⁄2 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Tripp Piperi</td><td> United States</td><td>3 August 2025</td><td>Eugene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>22.28 m (73 ft 1 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Ryan Whiting</td><td> United States</td><td>10 May 2013</td><td>Doha</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>22.25 m (72 ft 11+3⁄4 in)</td><td>spin</td><td>Konrad Bukowiecki</td><td> Poland</td><td>14 September 2019</td><td>Chorzów</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>spin</td><td>Jordan Geist</td><td> United States</td><td>12 July 2024</td><td>Dublin</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

Notable throws and series

• Ryan Crouser threw 23.12 in Eugene, Oregon on 24 June 2022. 23.01, 23.11 and 22.98 (ancillary throws) were recorded for his remaining attempts. This was the first time the 23-metre barrier has been broken more than once in a series. • Crouser also threw a series of 23.23, 23.31, 22.94, 23.56, 22.80 and 22.86 in Los Angeles, California on 27 May 2023 to break again the 23-metre mark three times in a series.

Women (outdoor)

<table><thead><tr><th>Ath.#</th><th>Perf.#</th><th>Mark</th><th>Technique</th><th>Athlete</th><th>Nation</th><th>Date</th><th>Place</th><th>Ref.</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Natalya Lisovskaya</td><td> Soviet Union</td><td>7 June 1987</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2</td><td>22.60 m (74 ft 1+3⁄4 in)</td><td></td><td>Lisovskaya #2</td><td></td><td>7 June 1987</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>22.55 m (73 ft 11+3⁄4 in)</td><td>Lisovskaya #3</td><td>5 July 1988</td><td>Tallinn</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>22.53 m (73 ft 11 in)</td><td>Lisovskaya #4</td><td>27 May 1984</td><td>Sochi</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lisovskaya #5</td><td>14 August 1988</td><td>Kyiv</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>6</td><td>22.45 m (73 ft 7+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Ilona Slupianek</td><td> East Germany</td><td>11 May 1980</td><td>Potsdam</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>7</td><td>22.41 m (73 ft 6+1⁄4 in)</td><td></td><td>Slupianek #2</td><td></td><td>24 July 1980</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>22.40 m (73 ft 5+3⁄4 in)</td><td>Slupianek #3</td><td>3 June 1983</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>22.38 m (73 ft 5 in)</td><td>Slupianek #4</td><td>25 May 1980</td><td>Karl-Marx-Stadt</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>22.36 m (73 ft 4+1⁄4 in)</td><td>Slupianek #5</td><td>2 May 1980</td><td>Celje</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>22.34 m (73 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Slupianek #6</td><td>7 May 1980</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Slupianek #7</td><td>18 July 1980</td><td>Cottbus</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>13</td><td>22.32 m (73 ft 2+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Helena Fibingerová</td><td> Czechoslovakia</td><td>20 August 1977</td><td>Nitra</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>14</td><td>22.24 m (72 ft 11+1⁄2 in)</td><td></td><td>Lisovskaya #6</td><td></td><td>1 October 1988</td><td>Seoul</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>22.22 m (72 ft 10+3⁄4 in)</td><td>Slupianek #8</td><td>13 July 1980</td><td>Potsdam</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>16</td><td>22.19 m (72 ft 9+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Claudia Losch</td><td> West Germany</td><td>23 August 1987</td><td>Hainfeld</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>17</td><td>22.13 m (72 ft 7+1⁄4 in)</td><td></td><td>Slupianek #9</td><td></td><td>29 April 1980</td><td>Split</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>22.06 m (72 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Lisovskaya #7</td><td>6 August 1988</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>22.05 m (72 ft 4 in)</td><td>Slupianek #10</td><td>28 May 1980</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Slupianek #11</td><td>31 May 1980</td><td>Potsdam</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>22.04 m (72 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Slupianek #12</td><td>4 July 1979</td><td>Potsdam</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Slupianek #13</td><td>29 July 1979</td><td>Potsdam</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>21.99 m (72 ft 1+1⁄2 in)</td><td>Fibingerová #2</td><td>26 September 1976</td><td>Opava</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>21.98 m (72 ft 1+1⁄4 in)</td><td>Slupianek #14</td><td>17 July 1979</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>21.96 m (72 ft 1⁄2 in)</td><td>Fibingerová #3</td><td>8 June 1977</td><td>Ostrava</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lisovskaya #8</td><td>16 August 1984</td><td>Prague</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lisovskaya #9</td><td>28 August 1988</td><td>Vilnius</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td></td><td>21.89 m (71 ft 9+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Ivanka Khristova</td><td>Bulgaria</td><td>4 July 1976</td><td>Belmeken</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>21.86 m (71 ft 8+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Marianne Adam</td><td> East Germany</td><td>23 June 1979</td><td>Leipzig</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>21.76 m (71 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Li Meisu</td><td> China</td><td>23 April 1988</td><td>Shijiazhuang</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>21.73 m (71 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Natalya Akhrimenko</td><td> Soviet Union</td><td>21 May 1988</td><td>Leselidze</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>21.69 m (71 ft 1+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Vita Pavlysh</td><td> Ukraine</td><td>20 August 1998</td><td>Budapest</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>21.66 m (71 ft 3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Sui Xinmei</td><td> China</td><td>9 June 1990</td><td>Beijing</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>21.61 m (70 ft 10+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Verzhinia Veselinova</td><td>Bulgaria</td><td>21 August 1982</td><td>Sofia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>21.58 m (70 ft 9+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Margitta Droese-Pufe</td><td> East Germany</td><td>28 May 1978</td><td>Erfurt</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>21.57 m (70 ft 9 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Ines Müller</td><td> East Germany</td><td>16 May 1988</td><td>Athens</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>21.53 m (70 ft 7+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Nunu Abashidze</td><td> Soviet Union</td><td>20 June 1984</td><td>Kyiv</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>21.52 m (70 ft 7 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Huang Zhihong</td><td> China</td><td>27 June 1990</td><td>Beijing</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>21.46 m (70 ft 4+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Larisa Peleshenko</td><td> Russia</td><td>26 August 2000</td><td>Budapest</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>21.45 m (70 ft 4+1⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Nadezhda Chizhova</td><td> Soviet Union</td><td>29 September 1973</td><td>Varna</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>21.43 m (70 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Eva Wilms</td><td> West Germany</td><td>17 June 1977</td><td>Munich</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>21.42 m (70 ft 3+1⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Svetlana Krachevskaya</td><td> Soviet Union</td><td>24 July 1980</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>21.31 m (69 ft 10+3⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Heike Hartwig</td><td> East Germany</td><td>16 May 1988</td><td>Athens</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>21.27 m (69 ft 9+1⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Liane Schmuhl</td><td> East Germany</td><td>26 June 1982</td><td>Cottbus</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>21.24 m (69 ft 8 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Valerie Adams</td><td> New Zealand</td><td>29 August 2011</td><td>Daegu</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>21.22 m (69 ft 7+1⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Astrid Kumbernuss</td><td> Germany</td><td>5 August 1995</td><td>Gothenburg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>21.21 m (69 ft 7 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Kathrin Neimke</td><td> East Germany</td><td>5 September 1987</td><td>Rome</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>21.19 m (69 ft 6+1⁄4 in)</td><td>glide</td><td>Helma Knorscheidt</td><td> East Germany</td><td>24 May 1984</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

Men (indoor)

<table><thead><tr><th>Rank</th><th>Mark</th><th>Athlete</th><th>Date</th><th>Place</th><th>Ref</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>22.82 m (74 ft 10+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Ryan Crouser (USA)</td><td>24 January 2021</td><td>Fayetteville</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>22.66 m (74 ft 4 in)</td><td> Randy Barnes (USA)</td><td>20 January 1989</td><td>Los Angeles</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>22.55 m (73 ft 11+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Ulf Timmermann (GDR)</td><td>11 February 1989</td><td>Senftenberg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>22.53 m (73 ft 11 in)</td><td> Darlan Romani (BRA)</td><td>19 March 2022</td><td>Belgrade</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>22.40 m (73 ft 5+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Adam Nelson (USA)</td><td>15 February 2008</td><td>Fayetteville</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>22.37 m (73 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Leonardo Fabbri (ITA)</td><td>11 February 2024</td><td>Liévin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>22.31 m (73 ft 2+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Tom Walsh (NZL)</td><td>3 March 2018</td><td>Birmingham</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>22.26 m (73 ft 1⁄4 in)</td><td> Werner Günthör (SUI)</td><td>8 February 1987</td><td>Magglingen</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>22.23 m (72 ft 11 in) A</td><td> Ryan Whiting (USA)</td><td>23 February 2014</td><td>Albuquerque</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>22.18 m (72 ft 9 in)</td><td> Christian Cantwell (USA)</td><td>22 February 2008</td><td>Warrensburg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>22.17 m (72 ft 8+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Tomáš Staněk (CZE)</td><td>6 February 2018</td><td>Düsseldorf</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>22.16 m (72 ft 8+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Rajindra Campbell (JAM)</td><td>23 February 2024</td><td>Madrid</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>22.11 m (72 ft 6+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Reese Hoffa (USA)</td><td>10 March 2006</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>22.09 m (72 ft 5+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Mika Halvari (FIN)</td><td>7 February 2000</td><td>Tampere</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>22.07 m (72 ft 4+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Roger Steen (USA)</td><td>11 February 2026</td><td>Belgrade</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>22.06 m (72 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Zane Weir (ITA)</td><td>3 March 2023</td><td>Istanbul</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>22.05 m (72 ft 4 in)</td><td> Joe Kovacs (USA)</td><td>13 February 2021</td><td>Geneva</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>22.04 m (72 ft 3+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Jordan Geist (USA)</td><td>3 February 2026</td><td>Ostrava</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6 February 2026</td><td>Madrid</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>22.02 m (72 ft 2+3⁄4 in)</td><td> George Woods (USA)</td><td>8 February 1974</td><td>Inglewood</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>22.00 m (72 ft 2 in)</td><td> Konrad Bukowiecki (POL)</td><td>15 February 2018</td><td>Toruń</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>21.93 m (71 ft 11+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Bob Bertemes (LUX)</td><td>19 February 2023</td><td>Kirchberg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>21.88 m (71 ft 9+1⁄4 in)</td><td> David Storl (GER)</td><td>9 March 2012</td><td>Istanbul</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>21.85 m (71 ft 8 in)</td><td> Turner Washington (USA)</td><td>13 February 2021</td><td>Lubbock</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>21.84 m (71 ft 7+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Filip Mihaljević (CRO)</td><td>27 February 2020</td><td>Belgrade</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Roman Kokoshko (UKR)</td><td>3 March 2023</td><td>Istanbul</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

Women (indoor)

<table><thead><tr><th>Rank</th><th>Mark</th><th>Athlete</th><th>Date</th><th>Place</th><th>Ref</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>22.50 m (73 ft 9+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Helena Fibingerová (TCH)</td><td>19 February 1977</td><td>Jablonec</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>22.14 m (72 ft 7+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)</td><td>7 February 1987</td><td>Penza</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>21.60 m (70 ft 10+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Valentina Fedyushina (UKR)</td><td>28 December 1991</td><td>Simferopol</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>21.59 m (70 ft 10 in)</td><td> Ilona Slupianek (GDR)</td><td>24 January 1979</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>21.46 m (70 ft 4+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Claudia Losch (FRG)</td><td>4 February 1986</td><td>Zweibrücken</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>21.26 m (69 ft 9 in)</td><td> Ines Müller (GDR)</td><td>24 February 1985</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Natalya Akhrimenko (URS)</td><td>24 January 1987</td><td>Leningrad</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>21.23 m (69 ft 7+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Margitta Droese-Pufe (GDR)</td><td>26 February 1978</td><td>Senftenberg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>21.15 m (69 ft 4+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Irina Korzhanenko (RUS)</td><td>18 February 1999</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>21.10 m (69 ft 2+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Sui Xinmei (CHN)</td><td>3 March 1990</td><td>Beijing</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>21.08 m (69 ft 1+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Li Meisu (CHN)</td><td>25 March 1988</td><td>Beijing</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>21.06 m (69 ft 1 in)</td><td> Eva Wilms (FRG)</td><td>19 February 1977</td><td>Dortmund</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Nunu Abashidze (URS)</td><td>8 February 1984</td><td>Budapest</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>21.03 m (68 ft 11+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Helma Knorscheidt (GDR)</td><td>4 August 1983</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>20.98 m (68 ft 9+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Valerie Adams (NZL)</td><td>28 August 2013</td><td>Zürich</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>20.94 m (68 ft 8+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Kathrin Neimke (GDR)</td><td>3 February 1988</td><td>Senftenberg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>20.85 m (68 ft 4+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Heidi Krieger (GDR)</td><td>25 January 1987</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>20.78 m (68 ft 2 in)</td><td> Ivanka Khristova (BUL)</td><td>14 February 1976</td><td>Sofia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>20.75 m (68 ft 3⁄4 in)</td><td> Heike Hartwig (GDR)</td><td>7 February 1987</td><td>Senftenberg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>20.74 m (68 ft 1⁄2 in)</td><td> Verzhiniya Veselinova (BUL)</td><td>21 February 1982</td><td>Sofia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>20.73 m (68 ft 0 in)</td><td> Vita Pavlysh (UKR)</td><td>22 February 2004</td><td>Sumy</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>20.71 m (67 ft 11+1⁄4 in)</td><td> Larisa Peleshenko (URS)</td><td>11 February 1988</td><td>Volgograd</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>20.70 m (67 ft 10+3⁄4 in)</td><td> Liane Schmuhl (GDR)</td><td>27 February 1982</td><td>Senftenberg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>20.69 m (67 ft 10+1⁄2 in)</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td><td>22 January 1999</td><td>Moscow</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Jessica Schilder (NED)</td><td>9 March 2025</td><td>Apeldoorn</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6 March 2026</td><td>Berlin</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

Annulled

The following athletes had their performance (inside 21.50 m) annulled due to doping offences:

• Nadzeya Ostapchuk 21.70 (2010)

Olympic medalists

Men

<table><thead><tr><th>Games</th><th>Gold</th><th>Silver</th><th>Bronze</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1896 Athens</td><td>Robert Garrett  United States</td><td>Miltiadis Gouskos  Greece</td><td>Georgios Papasideris  Greece</td></tr><tr><td>1900 Paris</td><td>Richard Sheldon  United States</td><td>Josiah McCracken  United States</td><td>Robert Garrett  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1904 St. Louis</td><td>Ralph Rose  United States</td><td>Wesley Coe  United States</td><td>Lawrence Feuerbach  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1908 London</td><td>Ralph Rose  United States</td><td>Denis Horgan  Great Britain</td><td>John Garrels  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1912 Stockholm</td><td>Pat McDonald  United States</td><td>Ralph Rose  United States</td><td>Lawrence Whitney  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1920 Antwerp</td><td>Ville Pörhölä  Finland</td><td>Elmer Niklander  Finland</td><td>Harry Liversedge  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1924 Paris</td><td>Bud Houser  United States</td><td>Glenn Hartranft  United States</td><td>Ralph Hills  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1928 Amsterdam</td><td>John Kuck  United States</td><td>Herman Brix  United States</td><td>Emil Hirschfeld  Germany</td></tr><tr><td>1932 Los Angeles</td><td>Leo Sexton  United States</td><td>Harlow Rothert  United States</td><td>František Douda  Czechoslovakia</td></tr><tr><td>1936 Berlin</td><td>Hans Woellke  Germany</td><td>Sulo Bärlund  Finland</td><td>Gerhard Stöck  Germany</td></tr><tr><td>1948 London</td><td>Wilbur Thompson  United States</td><td>Jim Delaney  United States</td><td>Jim Fuchs  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1952 Helsinki</td><td>Parry O'Brien  United States</td><td>Darrow Hooper  United States</td><td>Jim Fuchs  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1956 Melbourne</td><td>Parry O'Brien  United States</td><td>Bill Nieder  United States</td><td>Jiří Skobla  Czechoslovakia</td></tr><tr><td>1960 Rome</td><td>Bill Nieder  United States</td><td>Parry O'Brien  United States</td><td>Dallas Long  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1964 Tokyo</td><td>Dallas Long  United States</td><td>Randy Matson  United States</td><td>Vilmos Varjú  Hungary</td></tr><tr><td>1968 Mexico City</td><td>Randy Matson  United States</td><td>George Woods  United States</td><td>Eduard Gushchin  Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><td>1972 Munich</td><td>Władysław Komar  Poland</td><td>George Woods  United States</td><td>Hartmut Briesenick  East Germany</td></tr><tr><td>1976 Montreal</td><td>Udo Beyer  East Germany</td><td>Yevgeniy Mironov  Soviet Union</td><td>Aleksandr Baryshnikov  Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><td>1980 Moscow</td><td>Vladimir Kiselyov  Soviet Union</td><td>Aleksandr Baryshnikov  Soviet Union</td><td>Udo Beyer  East Germany</td></tr><tr><td>1984 Los Angeles</td><td>Alessandro Andrei  Italy</td><td>Mike Carter  United States</td><td>Dave Laut  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1988 Seoul</td><td>Ulf Timmermann  East Germany</td><td>Randy Barnes  United States</td><td>Werner Günthör  Switzerland</td></tr><tr><td>1992 Barcelona</td><td>Mike Stulce  United States</td><td>Jim Doehring  United States</td><td>Vyacheslav Lykho  Unified Team</td></tr><tr><td>1996 Atlanta</td><td>Randy Barnes  United States</td><td>John Godina  United States</td><td>Oleksandr Bagach  Ukraine</td></tr><tr><td>2000 Sydney</td><td>Arsi Harju  Finland</td><td>Adam Nelson  United States</td><td>John Godina  United States</td></tr><tr><td>2004 Athens</td><td>Adam Nelson  United States</td><td>Joachim Olsen  Denmark</td><td>Manuel Martínez  Spain</td></tr><tr><td>2008 Beijing</td><td>Tomasz Majewski  Poland</td><td>Christian Cantwell  United States</td><td>Dylan Armstrong  Canada</td></tr><tr><td>2012 London</td><td>Tomasz Majewski  Poland</td><td>David Storl  Germany</td><td>Reese Hoffa  United States</td></tr><tr><td>2016 Rio de Janeiro</td><td>Ryan Crouser  United States</td><td>Joe Kovacs  United States</td><td>Tom Walsh  New Zealand</td></tr><tr><td>2020 Tokyo</td><td>Ryan Crouser  United States</td><td>Joe Kovacs  United States</td><td>Tom Walsh  New Zealand</td></tr><tr><td>2024 Paris</td><td>Ryan Crouser  United States</td><td>Joe Kovacs  United States</td><td>Rajindra Campbell  Jamaica</td></tr></tbody></table>

Women

<table><thead><tr><th>Games</th><th>Gold</th><th>Silver</th><th>Bronze</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1948 London</td><td>Micheline Ostermeyer  France</td><td>Amelia Piccinini  Italy</td><td>Ina Schäffer  Austria</td></tr><tr><td>1952 Helsinki</td><td>Galina Zybina Soviet Union</td><td>Marianne Werner  Germany</td><td>Klavdiya Tochonova Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><td>1956 Melbourne</td><td>Tamara Tyshkevich  Soviet Union</td><td>Galina Zybina  Soviet Union</td><td>Marianne Werner  United Team of Germany</td></tr><tr><td>1960 Rome</td><td>Tamara Press  Soviet Union</td><td>Johanna Lüttge  United Team of Germany</td><td>Earlene Brown  United States</td></tr><tr><td>1964 Tokyo</td><td>Tamara Press  Soviet Union</td><td>Renate Culmberger  United Team of Germany</td><td>Galina Zybina  Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><td>1968 Mexico City</td><td>Margitta Gummel  East Germany</td><td>Marita Lange  East Germany</td><td>Nadezhda Chizhova  Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><td>1972 Munich</td><td>Nadezhda Chizhova  Soviet Union</td><td>Margitta Gummel  East Germany</td><td>Ivanka Khristova  Bulgaria</td></tr><tr><td>1976 Montreal</td><td>Ivanka Khristova  Bulgaria</td><td>Nadezhda Chizhova  Soviet Union</td><td>Helena Fibingerová  Czechoslovakia</td></tr><tr><td>1980 Moscow</td><td>Ilona Slupianek  East Germany</td><td>Svetlana Krachevskaya  Soviet Union</td><td>Margitta Pufe  East Germany</td></tr><tr><td>1984 Los Angeles</td><td>Claudia Losch  West Germany</td><td>Mihaela Loghin  Romania</td><td>Gael Martin  Australia</td></tr><tr><td>1988 Seoul</td><td>Natalya Lisovskaya  Soviet Union</td><td>Kathrin Neimke  East Germany</td><td>Li Meisu  China</td></tr><tr><td>1992 Barcelona</td><td>Svetlana Krivelyova  Unified Team</td><td>Huang Zhihong  China</td><td>Kathrin Neimke  Germany</td></tr><tr><td>1996 Atlanta</td><td>Astrid Kumbernuss  Germany</td><td>Sui Xinmei  China</td><td>Irina Khudoroshkina  Russia</td></tr><tr><td>2000 Sydney</td><td>Yanina Karolchik  Belarus</td><td>Larisa Peleshenko  Russia</td><td>Astrid Kumbernuss  Germany</td></tr><tr><td>2004 Athens</td><td>Yumileidi Cumbá  Cuba</td><td>Nadine Kleinert  Germany</td><td>Not awarded</td></tr><tr><td>2008 Beijing</td><td>Valerie Vili  New Zealand</td><td>Misleydis González  Cuba</td><td>Gong Lijiao  China</td></tr><tr><td>2012 London</td><td>Valerie Adams  New Zealand</td><td>Gong Lijiao  China</td><td>Li Ling  China</td></tr><tr><td>2016 Rio de Janeiro</td><td>Michelle Carter  United States</td><td>Valerie Adams  New Zealand</td><td>Anita Márton  Hungary</td></tr><tr><td>2020 Tokyo</td><td>Gong Lijiao  China</td><td>Raven Saunders  United States</td><td>Valerie Adams  New Zealand</td></tr><tr><td>2024 Paris</td><td>Yemisi Ogunleye  Germany</td><td>Maddi Wesche  New Zealand</td><td>Song Jiayuan  China</td></tr></tbody></table>

World Championship medalists

Men

<table><thead><tr><th>Championships</th><th>Gold</th><th>Silver</th><th>Bronze</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1983 Helsinki</td><td> Edward Sarul (POL)</td><td> Ulf Timmermann (GDR)</td><td> Remigius Machura (TCH)</td></tr><tr><td>1987 Rome</td><td> Werner Günthör (SUI)</td><td> Alessandro Andrei (ITA)</td><td> John Brenner (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>1991 Tokyo</td><td> Werner Günthör (SUI)</td><td> Lars Arvid Nilsen (NOR)</td><td> Aleksandr Klimenko (URS)</td></tr><tr><td>1993 Stuttgart</td><td> Werner Günthör (SUI)</td><td> Randy Barnes (USA)</td><td> Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>1995 Gothenburg</td><td> John Godina (USA)</td><td> Mika Halvari (FIN)</td><td> Randy Barnes (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>1997 Athens</td><td> John Godina (USA)</td><td> Oliver-Sven Buder (GER)</td><td> C. J. Hunter (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>1999 Seville</td><td> C. J. Hunter (USA)</td><td> Oliver-Sven Buder (GER)</td><td> Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>2001 Edmonton</td><td> John Godina (USA)</td><td> Adam Nelson (USA)</td><td> Arsi Harju (FIN)</td></tr><tr><td>2003 Saint-Denis</td><td> Andrei Mikhnevich (BLR)</td><td> Adam Nelson (USA)</td><td> Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>2005 Helsinki</td><td> Adam Nelson (USA)</td><td> Rutger Smith (NED)</td><td> Ralf Bartels (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>2007 Osaka</td><td> Reese Hoffa (USA)</td><td> Adam Nelson (USA)</td><td> Rutger Smith (NED)</td></tr><tr><td>2009 Berlin</td><td> Christian Cantwell (USA)</td><td> Tomasz Majewski (POL)</td><td> Ralf Bartels (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>2011 Daegu</td><td> David Storl (GER)</td><td> Dylan Armstrong (CAN)</td><td> Christian Cantwell (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2013 Moscow</td><td> David Storl (GER)</td><td> Ryan Whiting (USA)</td><td> Dylan Armstrong (CAN)</td></tr><tr><td>2015 Beijing</td><td> Joe Kovacs (USA)</td><td> David Storl (GER)</td><td> O'Dayne Richards (JAM)</td></tr><tr><td>2017 London</td><td> Tom Walsh (NZL)</td><td> Joe Kovacs (USA)</td><td> Stipe Žunić (CRO)</td></tr><tr><td>2019 Doha</td><td> Joe Kovacs (USA)</td><td> Ryan Crouser (USA)</td><td> Tom Walsh (NZL)</td></tr><tr><td>2022 Eugene</td><td> Ryan Crouser (USA)</td><td> Joe Kovacs (USA)</td><td> Josh Awotunde (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2023 Budapest</td><td> Ryan Crouser (USA)</td><td> Leonardo Fabbri (ITA)</td><td> Joe Kovacs (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2025 Tokyo</td><td> Ryan Crouser (USA)</td><td> Uziel Muñoz (MEX)</td><td> Leonardo Fabbri (ITA)</td></tr></tbody></table>

Women

<table><thead><tr><th>Championships</th><th>Gold</th><th>Silver</th><th>Bronze</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1983 Helsinki</td><td> Helena Fibingerová (TCH)</td><td> Helma Knorscheidt (GDR)</td><td> Ilona Schoknecht-Slupianek (GDR)</td></tr><tr><td>1987 Rome</td><td> Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)</td><td> Kathrin Neimke (GDR)</td><td> Ines Müller (GDR)</td></tr><tr><td>1991 Tokyo</td><td> Huang Zhihong (CHN)</td><td> Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (URS)</td></tr><tr><td>1993 Stuttgart</td><td> Huang Zhihong (CHN)</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td><td> Kathrin Neimke (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>1995 Gothenburg</td><td> Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)</td><td> Huang Zhihong (CHN)</td><td> Svetla Mitkova (BUL)</td></tr><tr><td>1997 Athens</td><td> Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)</td><td> Vita Pavlysh (UKR)</td><td> Stephanie Storp (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>1999 Seville</td><td> Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td></tr><tr><td>2001 Edmonton</td><td> Yanina Karolchik (BLR)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td><td> Vita Pavlysh (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>2003 Saint-Denis</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td><td> Nadzeya Ostapchuk (BLR)</td><td> Vita Pavlysh (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>2005 Helsinki</td><td> Olga Ryabinkina (RUS)</td><td> Valerie Vili (NZL)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>2007 Osaka</td><td> Valerie Vili (NZL)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td><td> Li Ling (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>2009 Berlin</td><td> Valerie Vili (NZL)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>2011 Daegu</td><td> Valerie Adams (NZL)</td><td> Jillian Camarena-Williams (USA)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>2013 Moscow</td><td> Valerie Adams (NZL)</td><td> Christina Schwanitz (GER)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>2015 Beijing</td><td> Christina Schwanitz (GER)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td><td> Michelle Carter (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2017 London</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td><td> Anita Márton (HUN)</td><td> Michelle Carter (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2019 Doha</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td><td> Danniel Thomas-Dodd (JAM)</td><td> Christina Schwanitz (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>2022 Eugene</td><td> Chase Ealey (USA)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td><td> Jessica Schilder (NED)</td></tr><tr><td>2023 Budapest</td><td> Chase Ealey (USA)</td><td> Sarah Mitton (CAN)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>2025 Tokyo</td><td> Jessica Schilder (NED)</td><td> Chase Jackson (USA)</td><td> Maddison-Lee Wesche (NZL)</td></tr></tbody></table>

World Indoor Championships medalists

Men

<table><thead><tr><th>Games</th><th>Gold</th><th>Silver</th><th>Bronze</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1985 Paris[A]</td><td> Remigius Machura (TCH)</td><td> Udo Beyer (GDR)</td><td> Jānis Bojārs (URS)</td></tr><tr><td>1987 Indianapolis</td><td> Ulf Timmermann (GDR)</td><td> Werner Günthör (SUI)</td><td> Sergey Smirnov (URS)</td></tr><tr><td>1989 Budapest</td><td> Ulf Timmermann (GDR)</td><td> Randy Barnes (USA)</td><td> Georg Andersen (NOR)</td></tr><tr><td>1991 Seville</td><td> Werner Günthör (SUI)</td><td> Klaus Bodenmüller (AUT)</td><td> Ron Backes (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>1993 Toronto</td><td> Mike Stulce (USA)</td><td> Jim Doehring (USA)</td><td> Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>1995 Barcelona</td><td> Mika Halvari (FIN)</td><td> C. J. Hunter (USA)</td><td> Dragan Perić (FRY)</td></tr><tr><td>1997 Paris</td><td> Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)</td><td> Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)</td><td> John Godina (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>1999 Maebashi</td><td> Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)</td><td> John Godina (USA)</td><td> Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>2001 Lisbon</td><td> John Godina (USA)</td><td> Adam Nelson (USA)</td><td> Manuel Martínez (ESP)</td></tr><tr><td>2003 Birmingham</td><td> Manuel Martínez (ESP)</td><td> John Godina (USA)</td><td> Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)</td></tr><tr><td>2004 Budapest</td><td> Christian Cantwell (USA)</td><td> Reese Hoffa (USA)</td><td> Joachim Olsen (DEN)</td></tr><tr><td>2006 Moscow</td><td> Reese Hoffa (USA)</td><td> Joachim Olsen (DEN)</td><td> Pavel Sofin (RUS)</td></tr><tr><td>2008 Valencia</td><td> Christian Cantwell (USA)</td><td> Reese Hoffa (USA)</td><td> Tomasz Majewski (POL)</td></tr><tr><td>2010 Doha</td><td> Christian Cantwell (USA)</td><td> Ralf Bartels (GER)</td><td> Dylan Armstrong (CAN)</td></tr><tr><td>2012 Istanbul</td><td> Ryan Whiting (USA)</td><td> David Storl (GER)</td><td> Tomasz Majewski (POL)</td></tr><tr><td>2014 Sopot</td><td> Ryan Whiting (USA)</td><td> David Storl (GER)</td><td> Tomas Walsh (NZL)</td></tr><tr><td>2016 Portland</td><td> Tomas Walsh (NZL)</td><td> Andrei Gag (ROU)</td><td> Filip Mihaljević (CRO)</td></tr><tr><td>2018 Birmingham</td><td> Tomas Walsh (NZL)</td><td> David Storl (GER)</td><td> Tomáš Staněk (CZE)</td></tr><tr><td>2022 Belgrade</td><td> Darlan Romani (BRA)</td><td> Ryan Crouser (USA)</td><td> Tomas Walsh (NZL)</td></tr><tr><td>2024 Glasgow</td><td> Ryan Crouser (USA)</td><td> Tomas Walsh (NZL)</td><td> Leonardo Fabbri (ITA)</td></tr><tr><td>2025 Nanjing</td><td> Tomas Walsh (NZL)</td><td> Roger Steen (USA)</td><td> Adrian Piperi (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2026 Kujawy Pomorze</td><td> Tomas Walsh (NZL)</td><td> Jordan Geist (USA)</td><td> Roger Steen (USA)</td></tr></tbody></table>

Women

<table><thead><tr><th>Games</th><th>Gold</th><th>Silver</th><th>Bronze</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1985 Paris[A]</td><td> Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)</td><td> Ines Müller (GDR)</td><td> Nunu Abashidze (URS)</td></tr><tr><td>1987 Indianapolis</td><td> Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)</td><td> Ilona Briesenick (GDR)</td><td> Claudia Losch (FRG)</td></tr><tr><td>1989 Budapest</td><td> Claudia Losch (FRG)</td><td> Huang Zhihong (CHN)</td><td> Christa Wiese (GDR)</td></tr><tr><td>1991 Seville</td><td> Sui Xinmei (CHN)</td><td> Huang Zhihong (CHN)</td><td> Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)</td></tr><tr><td>1993 Toronto</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td><td> Stephanie Storp (GER)</td><td> Zhang Liuhong (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>1995 Barcelona</td><td> Kathrin Neimke (GER)</td><td> Connie Price-Smith (USA)</td><td> Grit Hammer (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>1997 Paris</td><td> Vita Pavlysh (UKR)</td><td> Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)</td><td> Irina Korzhanenko (RUS)</td></tr><tr><td>1999 Maebashi</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td><td> Krystyna Danilczyk-Zabawska (POL)</td><td> Teri Steer-Tunks (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2001 Lisbon</td><td> Larisa Peleshenko (RUS)</td><td> Nadzeya Ostapchuk (BLR)</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td></tr><tr><td>2003 Birmingham</td><td> Irina Korzhanenko (RUS)</td><td> Nadzeya Ostapchuk (BLR)</td><td> Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>2004 Budapest</td><td> Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)</td><td> Yumileidi Cumbá (CUB)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>2006 Moscow</td><td> Natallia Mikhnevich (BLR)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td><td> Olga Ryabinkina (RUS)</td></tr><tr><td>2008 Valencia</td><td> Valerie Vili (NZL)</td><td> Li Meiju (CHN)</td><td> Misleydis González (CUB)</td></tr><tr><td>2010 Doha</td><td> Valerie Adams (NZL)</td><td> Anna Avdeyeva (RUS)</td><td> Nadine Kleinert (GER)</td></tr><tr><td>2012 Istanbul</td><td> Valerie Adams (NZL)</td><td> Michelle Carter (USA)</td><td> Jillian Camarena-Williams (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2014 Sopot</td><td> Valerie Adams (NZL)</td><td> Christina Schwanitz (GER)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>2016 Portland</td><td> Michelle Carter (USA)</td><td> Anita Márton (HUN)</td><td> Valerie Adams (NZL)</td></tr><tr><td>2018 Birmingham</td><td> Anita Márton (HUN)</td><td> Danniel Thomas-Dodd (JAM)</td><td> Gong Lijiao (CHN)</td></tr><tr><td>2022 Belgrade</td><td> Auriol Dongmo (POR)</td><td> Chase Ealey (USA)</td><td> Jessica Schilder (NED)</td></tr><tr><td>2024 Glasgow</td><td> Sarah Mitton (CAN)</td><td> Yemisi Ogunleye (GER)</td><td> Chase Jackson (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2025 Nanjing</td><td> Sarah Mitton (CAN)</td><td> Jessica Schilder (NED)</td><td> Chase Jackson (USA)</td></tr><tr><td>2026 Kujawy Pomorze</td><td> Chase Jackson (USA)</td><td> Sarah Mitton (CAN)</td><td> Axelina Johansson (SWE)</td></tr></tbody></table>