New York's 12th congressional district

New York's 12th congressional district is far more than just a line on a map; it's a dynamic entity that has profoundly shaped—and been shaped by—New York City's ever-evolving demographics and political landscape. From its origins in upstate New York to its current identity as the smallest and wealthiest district in the nation, its story is a fascinating journey through American history. Prepare to discover how court decisions, population shifts, and fierce political battles have repeatedly redrawn its very essence. The 12th district's boundaries have drastically shifted over two centuries, reflecting New York's demographic and political transformations. A landmark Supreme Court decision in the 1960s fundamentally reshaped the district, amplifying minority representation and giving rise to historic figures. Today, the 12th district is not only the smallest in the U.S. by area, but also boasts the highest per capita income, making it a unique political microcosm.

Source: Wikipedia

AI Summary

The 12th district's boundaries have drastically shifted over two centuries, reflecting New York's demographic and political transformations.
A landmark Supreme Court decision in the 1960s fundamentally reshaped the district, amplifying minority representation and giving rise to historic figures.
Today, the 12th district is not only the smallest in the U.S. by area, but also boasts the highest per capita income, making it a unique political microcosm.

A District Defined by Change

New York's 12th congressional district holds several fascinating distinctions. It is currently the smallest congressional district by area in the entire United States. Tightly packed within Manhattan, it also boasts the highest per capita income of any congressional district in the nation.

Today, this intensely Democratic district is represented by Jerry Nadler, a redistricted incumbent from the former 10th congressional district. He secured his seat by defeating fellow incumbent Carolyn Maloney in a highly publicized Democratic primary in August 2022.

From Rural Roots to Urban Core

Believe it or not, the 12th district wasn't always a glittering Manhattan enclave. Back during the Civil War, its boundaries stretched across upstate New York, encompassing the pastoral counties of Dutchess and Columbia.

This upstate identity persisted for over a century until a monumental shift in the mid-1960s. A Supreme Court decision in the case of Cooper v. Power mandated that congressional districts must have roughly equal populations—the 'one person, one vote' principle—forcing a massive realignment.

The new 12th district was redrawn to include predominantly African American neighborhoods in Central Brooklyn, notably Bedford-Stuyvesant. This significant change paved the way for groundbreaking representation.

It was in this revitalized Brooklyn 12th district that Shirley Chisholm made history in 1968. She became the first African American woman elected to the United States Congress, serving with distinction until 1983.

The Shifting Sands of the City

But the district's journey didn't end there. By 1992, the 12th district was remapped yet again, this time extending its reach to include Hispanic neighborhoods in Lower Manhattan and Queens, demonstrating the city's continuous demographic evolution.

From 2003 to 2013, the 12th district covered a wide swath of New York City. It included diverse neighborhoods across Brooklyn, Queens, and Manhattan, such as Maspeth and Ridgewood in Queens, Bushwick and Williamsburg in Brooklyn, and parts of Manhattan's Lower East Side.

Prior to the intense 2020s redistricting cycle, the 12th district primarily served parts of the East Side of Manhattan, along with sections of Greenpoint in Brooklyn and western Queens, including Roosevelt Island. This configuration, represented by Carolyn Maloney, was another distinct chapter in its story.

Manhattan, Consolidated

The most recent redistricting, completed for the 2022 elections, dramatically redefined the 12th. It is now located entirely within the borough of Manhattan, a geographic simplification after decades of multi-borough configurations.

This consolidated district now includes a vibrant mix of iconic Manhattan neighborhoods. From the bustling energy of Times Square and Midtown to the historic charm of Gramercy and the residential grandeur of the Upper East and Upper West Sides, it's a cross-section of Manhattan life.

Carnegie Hill Chelsea Flatiron Gramercy Hell's Kitchen Hudson Yards Kips Bay Lenox Hill Lincoln Square Manhattan Valley Midtown Midtown South Murray Hill Roosevelt Island Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village Times Square Turtle Bay Union Square Upper East Side Upper West Side Yorkville

A Strong Democratic Heart

The 12th district is not just geographically unique; it's also a political powerhouse for the Democratic Party. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+33, it stands as the most Democratic district in New York State.

This deep-blue leaning is consistently reflected in election results. Recent presidential elections have seen Democratic candidates winning overwhelmingly, typically by margins of 70% to 80% or more, showcasing the district's strong liberal alignment and unwavering support for Democratic platforms.

Year	Office	Results
2008	President	Obama 81% – 18%
2012	President	Obama 78% – 22%
2016	President	Clinton 83% – 13%
2020	President	Biden 85% – 14%
2024	President	Harris 81% – 17%

Article

New York's 12th congressional district

New York's 12th congressional district is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives located in New York City. As of 2023, it is represented by Democrat Jerry Nadler, redistricted incumbent of the former 10th congressional district who defeated incumbent Carolyn Maloney in the August 2022 Democratic primary. Nadler has since stated that he does not intend to run for reelection in 2026. The redrawn District 12 includes the Upper West Side constituency (former District 10) represented by Nadler since the 1990s, the Upper East Side, and all of Midtown Manhattan. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+33, it is the most Democratic district in New York and tied with California's 37th district (D+33) and Alabama's 4th district (R+33) for the ninth most extreme. The district is the smallest congressional district by area in the U.S. The 12th district's per capita income, in excess of $75,000, is the highest among all congressional districts in the United States.

Recent election results from statewide races

New York's 12th congressional district

<table><thead><tr><th>Year</th><th>Office</th><th>Results</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2008</td><td>President</td><td>Obama 81% – 18%</td></tr><tr><td>2012</td><td>President</td><td>Obama 78% – 22%</td></tr><tr><td>2016</td><td>President</td><td>Clinton 83% – 13%</td></tr><tr><td>Senate</td><td>Schumer 83% – 14%</td></tr><tr><td>2018</td><td>Senate</td><td>Gillibrand 87% – 13%</td></tr><tr><td>Governor</td><td>Cuomo 83% – 13%</td></tr><tr><td>Attorney General</td><td>James 83% – 15%</td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td>President</td><td>Biden 85% – 14%</td></tr><tr><td>2022</td><td>Senate</td><td>Schumer 83% – 16%</td></tr><tr><td>Governor</td><td>Hochul 80% – 20%</td></tr><tr><td>Attorney General</td><td>James 80% – 20%</td></tr><tr><td>Comptroller</td><td>DiNapoli 81% – 19%</td></tr><tr><td>2024</td><td>President</td><td>Harris 81% – 17%</td></tr><tr><td>Senate</td><td>Gillibrand 81% – 18%</td></tr></tbody></table>

History

New York's 12th congressional district

During the Civil War, the 12th District comprised the counties of Dutchess and Columbia. The 12th District eventually became a Brooklyn district in the mid-1960s, as the result of a district realignment due to the Supreme Court's decision in the Cooper v. Power case in 1966. The district was realigned to include majority African American neighborhoods such as Bedford-Stuyvesant in Central Brooklyn. Until 1992, it was the Central Brooklyn district now held by Yvette Clarke (and formerly by Major Owens), and then remapped to include Hispanic neighborhoods in Lower Manhattan and Queens.

Dutchess County, Columbia County

Parts of Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens

From 2003 to 2013, it included parts of Brooklyn, Queens, and Manhattan. It included the Queens neighborhoods of Maspeth, Ridgewood, and Woodside; the Brooklyn neighborhoods of Bushwick, Greenpoint, Red Hook, East New York, Brooklyn Heights, Sunset Park, and Williamsburg; and part of Manhattan's Lower East Side and East Village. Prior to the 2010s redistricting, the district included several neighborhoods in the East Side of Manhattan, the Greenpoint section of Brooklyn, and western Queens, as well as Roosevelt Island, mostly overlapping the pre-redistricting 14th district.

Current composition

New York's 12th congressional district

The 12th district is located entirely in the New York City borough of Manhattan. Manhattan neighborhoods in the district include:

• Carnegie Hill • Chelsea • Flatiron • Gramercy • Hell's Kitchen • Hudson Yards • Kips Bay • Lenox Hill • Lincoln Square • Manhattan Valley • Midtown • Midtown South • Murray Hill • Roosevelt Island • Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village • Times Square • Turtle Bay • Union Square • Upper East Side • Upper West Side • Yorkville

List of members representing the district

1803–1813: one seat

<table><thead><tr><th>Representative</th><th>Party</th><th>Years</th><th>Cong ress</th><th>Electoral history</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>District established March 4, 1803</td></tr><tr><td>David Thomas (Salem)</td><td>Democratic- Republican</td><td>March 4, 1803 – February 17, 1808</td><td>8th 9th 10th</td><td>Redistricted from the 7th district and re-elected in 1802. Re-elected in 1804. Re-elected in 1806. Resigned to become New York State Treasurer.</td></tr><tr><td>Vacant</td><td>February 17, 1808 – November 7, 1808</td><td>10th</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nathan Wilson (Salem)</td><td>Democratic- Republican</td><td>November 7, 1808 – March 3, 1809</td><td>Elected to finish Thomas's term. Retired.</td></tr><tr><td>Erastus Root (Delhi)</td><td>Democratic- Republican</td><td>March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811</td><td>11th</td><td>Elected in 1808. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Arunah Metcalf (Otsego)</td><td>Democratic- Republican</td><td>March 4, 1811 – March 3, 1813</td><td>12th</td><td>Re-elected in 1810. [data missing]</td></tr></tbody></table>

1813–1823: two seats

From 1813 to 1823, two seats were apportioned to the District, elected at-large on a general ticket.

<table><thead><tr><th>Cong ress</th><th>Years</th><th></th><th>Seat A</th><th></th><th>Seat B</th><th></th><th>Location</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Representative</td><td>Party</td><td>Electoral history</td><td>Representative</td><td>Party</td><td>Electoral history</td></tr><tr><td>13th</td><td>March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1815</td><td>Zebulon R. Shipherd (Granville)</td><td>Federalist</td><td>Elected in 1812. [data missing]</td><td>Elisha I. Winter (Peru)</td><td>Federalist</td><td>Elected in 1812. [data missing]</td><td>1813–1823 Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Washington and Warren counties</td></tr><tr><td>14th</td><td>March 4, 1815 – December 7, 1815</td><td>Vacant</td><td>Member-elect Benjamin Pond died October 6, 1814.</td><td>John Savage (Salem)</td><td>Democratic-Republican</td><td>Elected in 1814. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>December 7, 1815 – March 3, 1817</td><td>Asa Adgate (Chesterfield)</td><td>Democratic-Republican</td><td>Elected to finish Pond's term. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>15th</td><td>March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819</td><td>John Palmer (Plattsburg)</td><td>Democratic-Republican</td><td>Elected in 1816. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>16th</td><td>March 4, 1819 – March 3, 1821</td><td>Ezra C. Gross (Elizabeth)</td><td>Democratic-Republican</td><td>Elected in 1818. Lost re-election.</td><td>Nathaniel Pitcher (Sandy Hill)</td><td>Democratic-Republican</td><td>Elected in 1818. Re-elected in 1821. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>17th</td><td>March 4, 1821 – December 3, 1821</td><td>Vacant</td><td>Elections were held in April 1821. It is unclear when results were announced or credentials issued.</td></tr><tr><td>December 3, 1821 – March 3, 1823</td><td>Reuben H. Walworth (Plattsburg)</td><td>Democratic-Republican</td><td>Elected in 1821.</td></tr></tbody></table>

1823–present: one seat

<table><thead><tr><th>Representative</th><th>Party</th><th>Years</th><th>Cong ress</th><th>Electoral history</th><th>Location</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Lewis Eaton (Schoharie Bridge)</td><td>Democratic-Republican</td><td>March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825</td><td>18th</td><td>Elected in 1822. [data missing]</td><td>1823–1833 Schenectady and Schoharie counties</td></tr><tr><td>William Dietz (Schoharie)</td><td>Jacksonian</td><td>March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1827</td><td>19th</td><td>Elected in 1824. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>John I. De Graff (Schenectady)</td><td>Jacksonian</td><td>March 4, 1827 – March 3, 1829</td><td>20th</td><td>Elected in 1826. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Peter I. Borst (Middleburg)</td><td>Jacksonian</td><td>March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831</td><td>21st</td><td>Elected in 1828. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Joseph Bouck (Middleburg)</td><td>Jacksonian</td><td>March 4, 1831 – March 3, 1833</td><td>22nd</td><td>Elected in 1830. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Henry C. Martindale (Sandy Hill)</td><td>Anti-Masonic</td><td>March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835</td><td>23rd</td><td>Elected in 1832. [data missing]</td><td>1833–1843 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>David Abel Russell (Salem)</td><td>Anti-Jacksonian</td><td>March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1837</td><td>24th 25th 26th</td><td>Elected in 1834. Re-elected in 1836. Re-elected in 1838. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Whig</td><td>March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1841</td></tr><tr><td>Bernard Blair (Salem)</td><td>Whig</td><td>March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843</td><td>27th</td><td>Elected in 1840. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>David L. Seymour (Troy)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845</td><td>28th</td><td>Elected in 1842. [data missing]</td><td>1843–1853 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Richard P. Herrick (Greenbush)</td><td>Whig</td><td>March 4, 1845 – June 20, 1846</td><td>29th</td><td>Elected in 1844. Died.</td></tr><tr><td>Vacant</td><td>June 20, 1846 – December 7, 1846</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Thomas C. Ripley (Schaghticoke)</td><td>Whig</td><td>December 7, 1846 – March 3, 1847</td><td>Elected to finish Herrick's term. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Gideon Reynolds (Hoosick)</td><td>Whig</td><td>March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1851</td><td>30th 31st</td><td>Elected in 1846. Re-elected in 1848. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>David L. Seymour (Troy)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853</td><td>32nd</td><td>Elected in 1850. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Gilbert Dean (Poughkeepsie)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1853 – July 3, 1854</td><td>33rd</td><td>Redistricted from 8th district and re-elected in 1852. Resigned to become justice to Supreme Court of New York.</td><td>1853–1863 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Vacant</td><td>July 3, 1854 – November 7, 1854</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Isaac Teller (Matteawan)</td><td>Whig</td><td>November 7, 1854 – March 3, 1855</td><td>Elected to finish Dean's term. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Killian Miller (Hudson)</td><td>Opposition</td><td>March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857</td><td>34th</td><td>Elected in 1854. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>John Thompson (Poughkeepsie)</td><td>Republican</td><td>March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859</td><td>35th</td><td>Elected in 1856. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Charles Lewis Beale (Kinderhook)</td><td>Republican</td><td>March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861</td><td>36th</td><td>Elected in 1858. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Stephen Baker (Poughkeepsie)</td><td>Republican</td><td>March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863</td><td>37th</td><td>Elected in 1860. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Homer A. Nelson (Poughkeepsie)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865</td><td>38th</td><td>Elected in 1862. [data missing]</td><td>1863–1873 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>John H. Ketcham (Dover Plains)</td><td>Republican</td><td>March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1873</td><td>39th 40th 41st 42nd</td><td>Re-elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. Re-elected in 1868. Re-elected in 1870. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Charles St. John (Port Jervis)</td><td>Republican</td><td>March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875</td><td>43rd</td><td>Redistricted from 11th district and re-elected in 1872. [data missing]</td><td>1873–1883 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>N. Holmes Odell (White Plains)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877</td><td>44th</td><td>Elected in 1874. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Clarkson Nott Potter (New Rochelle)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1879</td><td>45th</td><td>Elected in 1876. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Vacant</td><td>March 3, 1879 – November 3, 1879</td><td>46th</td><td>Representative-elect Alexander Smith died November 5, 1878.</td></tr><tr><td>Waldo Hutchins (The Bronx)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>November 4, 1879 – March 3, 1885</td><td>46th 47th 48th</td><td>Elected to finish Smith's term. Re-elected in 1880. Re-elected in 1882. Retired.</td></tr><tr><td>1883–1893 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Abraham Dowdney (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1885 – December 10, 1886</td><td>49th</td><td>Elected in 1884. Died.</td></tr><tr><td>Vacant</td><td>December 10, 1886 – March 3, 1887</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>William Bourke Cockran (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1889</td><td>50th</td><td>Elected in 1886. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Roswell P. Flower (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1889 – September 16, 1891</td><td>51st 52nd</td><td>Elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Resigned to become Governor of New York.</td></tr><tr><td>Vacant</td><td>September 16, 1891 – November 3, 1891</td><td>52nd</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Joseph J. Little (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>November 3, 1891 – March 3, 1893</td><td>Elected to finish Flower's term. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>William Bourke Cockran (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895</td><td>53rd</td><td>Redistricted from 10th district and re-elected in 1892. [data missing]</td><td>1893–1903 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>George B. McClellan Jr. (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1895 – December 21, 1903</td><td>54th 55th 56th 57th 58th</td><td>Elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Resigned to become Mayor of New York City.</td></tr><tr><td>1903–1913 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Vacant</td><td>December 21, 1903 – February 23, 1904</td><td>58th</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>William Bourke Cockran (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>February 23, 1904 – March 3, 1909</td><td>58th 59th 60th</td><td>Elected to finish McClellan's term. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Michael F. Conry (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1913</td><td>61st 62nd</td><td>Elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Redistricted to 15th district.</td></tr><tr><td>Henry M. Goldfogle (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1915</td><td>63rd</td><td>Redistricted from 9th district and re-elected in 1912. Lost re-election.</td><td>1913–1923 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Meyer London (New York)</td><td>Socialist</td><td>March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1919</td><td>64th 65th</td><td>Elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Lost re-election.</td></tr><tr><td>Henry M. Goldfogle (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1919 – March 3, 1921</td><td>66th</td><td>Elected in 1918. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Meyer London (New York)</td><td>Socialist</td><td>March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923</td><td>67th</td><td>Elected in 1920. [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Samuel Dickstein (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>March 4, 1923 – January 3, 1945</td><td>68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd 73rd 74th 75th 76th 77th 78th</td><td>Elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Redistricted to 19th district.</td><td>1923–1933 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>1933–1943 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>1943–1953 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>John J. Rooney (Brooklyn)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1953</td><td>79th 80th 81st 82nd</td><td>Redistricted from 4th district and re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Redistricted to 14th district.</td></tr><tr><td>Francis E. Dorn (Brooklyn)</td><td>Republican</td><td>January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1961</td><td>83rd 84th 85th 86th</td><td>Elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. [data missing]</td><td>1953–1963 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Hugh Carey (Brooklyn)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963</td><td>87th</td><td>Elected in 1960. Redistricted to 15th district.</td></tr><tr><td>Edna F. Kelly (Brooklyn)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1969</td><td>88th 89th 90th</td><td>Redistricted from the 10th district and re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Ran in the 10th district and lost renomination.</td><td>1963–1973 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Shirley Chisholm (Brooklyn)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1983</td><td>91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th</td><td>Elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Retired.</td></tr><tr><td>1973–1983 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Major Owens (Brooklyn)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1993</td><td>98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd</td><td>Elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Redistricted to 11th district.</td><td>1983–1993 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>Nydia Velázquez (Brooklyn)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013</td><td>103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th</td><td>Elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Redistricted to 7th district.</td><td>1993–2003 [data missing]</td></tr><tr><td>2003–2013 Parts of Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens</td></tr><tr><td>Carolyn Maloney (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2023</td><td>113th 114th 115th 116th 117th</td><td>Redistricted from 14th district and re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Lost re-nomination in 2022.</td><td>2013–2023 Parts of Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens</td></tr><tr><td>Jerry Nadler (New York)</td><td>Democratic</td><td>January 3, 2023 – present</td><td>118th 119th</td><td>Redistricted from the 10th district and re-elected in 2022. Re-elected in 2024. Retiring at the end of term.</td><td>2023–2025 Parts of Manhattan</td></tr><tr><td>2025–present Parts of Manhattan</td></tr></tbody></table>

Recent elections

New York's 12th congressional district

In New York, there are numerous minor parties at various points on the political spectrum. Certain parties will invariably endorse either the Republican or Democratic candidate for every office; hence, the state electoral results contain both the party votes, and the final candidate votes (Listed as "Recap").

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Nydia Velazquez (incumbent)</td><td>61,913</td><td>84.6</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Miguel I. Prado</td><td>9,978</td><td>13.6</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Socialist Workers</td><td>Eleanor Garcia</td><td>1,283</td><td>1.8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>51,935</td><td>71.0</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>73,174</td><td>100</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Nydia Velazquez (incumbent)</td><td>53,269</td><td>83.6</td><td>−1.0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Rosemary Markgraf</td><td>7,405</td><td>11.6</td><td>−2.0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Conservative</td><td>Angel Diaz</td><td>1,632</td><td>2.6</td><td>+2.6</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Liberal</td><td>Hector Cortes, Jr.</td><td>1,400</td><td>2.2</td><td>+2.2</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>45,864</td><td>72.0</td><td>+1.0</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>63,706</td><td>100</td><td>−12.9</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Nydia Velazquez (incumbent)</td><td>86,288</td><td>87.1</td><td>+3.5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Rosemary Markgraf</td><td>10,052</td><td>10.1</td><td>−1.5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Socialist</td><td>Paul Pederson</td><td>1,025</td><td>1.0</td><td>+1.0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Right to Life</td><td>Mildred Rosario</td><td>865</td><td>0.9</td><td>+0.9</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Conservative</td><td>Cesar Estevez</td><td>850</td><td>0.9</td><td>−1.7</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>76,236</td><td>76.9</td><td>+4.9</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>99,080</td><td>100</td><td>+55.5</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Carolyn Maloney</td><td>193,455</td><td>72.1</td><td>−21.8</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Christopher Wight</td><td>46,692</td><td>17.4</td><td>+7.4</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>146,763</td><td>54.7</td><td>−33.0</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>268,287</td><td>100</td><td>+366.9</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Carolyn Maloney (incumbent)</td><td>90,603</td><td>77.2</td><td>+5.1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Nick Di Iorio</td><td>22,731</td><td>19.4</td><td>+2.0</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>67,872</td><td>57.8</td><td>+3.1</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>117,420</td><td>100</td><td>−228.5</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Carolyn Maloney (incumbent)</td><td>244,358</td><td>83.2</td><td>+6.0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Robert Ardini</td><td>49,398</td><td>16.8</td><td>−2.6</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>194,960</td><td>66.4</td><td>+8.6</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>293,756</td><td>100</td><td>+250.2</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Carolyn Maloney (incumbent)</td><td>217,430</td><td>86.4</td><td>+3.2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Eliot Rabin</td><td>30,446</td><td>12.1</td><td>−4.7</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Green</td><td>Scott Hutchins</td><td>3,728</td><td>1.5</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>186,984</td><td>74.3</td><td>+12.1</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>251,604</td><td>100</td><td>−16.8</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Carolyn Maloney (incumbent)</td><td>40,362</td><td>42.8</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Suraj Patel</td><td>37,106</td><td>39.4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Lauren Ashcraft</td><td>12,810</td><td>13.6</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Peter Harrison</td><td>4,001</td><td>4.2</td></tr><tr><td>Total votes</td><td>94,279</td><td>100.0</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Carolyn Maloney (incumbent)</td><td>265,172</td><td>82.0</td><td>−4.4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Carlos Santiago-Cano</td><td>53,061</td><td>16.0</td><td>+3.9</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Libertarian</td><td>Steven Kolln</td><td>4,015</td><td>1.0</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>208,096</td><td>65.0</td><td>−9.3</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>322,248</td><td>100</td><td>+28.1</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Jerrold Nadler (incumbent)</td><td>45,545</td><td>55.4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Carolyn Maloney (incumbent)</td><td>20,038</td><td>24.4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Suraj Patel</td><td>15,744</td><td>19.2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Ashmi Sheth</td><td>832</td><td>1.0</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Jerry Nadler (incumbent)</td><td>200,890</td><td>81.8</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Michael Zumbluskas</td><td>44,173</td><td>18.0</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Independent</td><td>Mikhail Itkis</td><td>631</td><td>0.3</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>156,086</td><td>63.5</td><td>−1.5</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>245,694</td><td>100</td><td>−4.2</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><th>Party</th><th>Candidate</th><th>Votes</th><th>%</th><th>±%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Democratic</td><td>Jerry Nadler (incumbent)</td><td>260,165</td><td>80.5</td><td>−1.3</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Republican</td><td>Michael Zumbluskas</td><td>61,989</td><td>19.5</td><td>+1.5</td></tr><tr><td>Majority</td><td>197,176</td><td>61</td><td>−2.5</td></tr><tr><td>Turnout</td><td>323,154</td><td>100</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>